Multiple-choice: Choose the one best answer.
1.
Which are fractures in a rock that are closely spaced and regular?
| A. joints |
| B. folds |
| C. faults |
| D. oblique slips |
For Questions 2–5, refer to the following block diagram.
2.
Which is the fold pictured in the diagram?
| A. plunging anticline |
| B. plunging syncline |
| C. basin |
| D. dome |
3.
What kind of fault is shown?
| A. strike-slip fault |
| B. reverse fault |
| C. normal fault |
| D. low-angle thrust fault |
4.
The hanging wall of the fault is on which side of the diagram?
| A. north |
| B. south |
| C. east |
| D. west |
5.
The fold and fault illustrated on the diagram were probably formed by which of the following?
| A. compressional force only |
| B. tensional force only |
| C. compressional then tensional force |
| D. tensional then compressional force |
6.
Which scale measures an earthquake’s magnitude?
| A. Mercalli |
| B. Beaufort |
| C. Richter |
| D. Reduced Rupert |
7.
Which instrument measures Earthquake waves?
| A. magnetometers |
| B. gravimeters |
| C. mass spectrometers |
| D. seismometers |
8.
What is the geographic point on the Earth’s surface that is directly above the point at which an earthquake begins?
| A. focus |
| B. epicenter |
| C. strike |
| D. dip |
9.
What type of margins are created when plates slide past each other?
| A. convergent |
| B. transform |
| C. divergent |
| D. normal |
10.
What is the driving force behind plate tectonics?
| A. mid-ocean rift movement |
| B. forces concentrated at the ridge axis |
| C. convection in the mantle |
| D. earthquake activity |
11.
Where is the largest continental rift in the world?
| A. Southern California |
| B. Germany |
| C. East Africa |
| D. South America |
12.
Which type of arc is the most apparent sign of a subduction zone and is also called a volcanic arc?
| A. magmatic |
| B. back |
| C. island |
| D. fore |
13.
Earthquakes do not occur at which type of margin?
| A. transform |
| B. divergent |
| C. passive |
| D. convergent |
14.
Which is the correct description of orogenesis?
| A. the growth of mountain ranges as plates subduct |
| B. the merging of a smaller plate with a larger continental mass |
| C. the rising of ancient continental crust to the surface of the Earth |
| D. the melting of crustal materials to form magma |
15.
Continents consist of what two major structural components?
| A. shields and platforms |
| B. mountain belts and cratons |
| C. ocean basins and plates |
| D. terranes and mantles |
