Military

I need you to completely re write what I have written already, it has to be about the same thing however worded differently and more professionally done and must be able to not be PLAGERIZED: HERE IT IS In Chapter Four of his book Daly goes over the military revolutions that occurred in Europe, fueled by constant warfare resulting from a de-centralized continent. I will go over what I believe to be two of the most important results of this hyperactive military action: advancements in military technology and the rise of representative government. While the first major military innovation to hit Europe, gunpowder, was brought over from China, the constant warfare happening on the continent surely acted as a catalyst to original European military inventions. The first of these, the ” corning” of gunpowder, offered “more stable and more powerful” gunpowder that could explode with a much greater force (Daly 142). The most awesome of military inventions, though, was most assuredly the cannon. Beginning in the fifteenth century cannons began to play a major role in combat, as it made it easier for invading armies to lay siege to castles (Daly 143). Thus, a constantly battling European continent created, out of necessity, a whole host of military innovations. Around 1100 a strange thing happened: in a combative environment where knights and nobles traditionally reigned supreme, peasants and commoners, in the form of infantry, began to take a more central role. This was demonstrated clearly in 1176 at Legnano, where 3,500 foot soldiers, armed with pikes in a rectangular formation, stood their ground against 2,000 knights (Daly 136). This revolution in warfare, though, came at a cost. For such a style of warfare required high amounts of both money and soldiers, something that only could be supplied by the Commons (merchants, yeomen and peasants). In certain societies, then, where members of the Commons were “well organized, literate, articulate, moneyed, cohesive, and conscious,” they could demand more from their government in exchange for their money and service (Daly 140). This could best be displayed when Edward I, preparing for battle against the Scots in 1295, called a general assembly. This assembly, though, was not just attended by nobles; rather, each county sent two knights, two burgesses and two citizens, creating what appears to be relatively equal representation. What is more, in return for funding Edward I’s war the Commons demanded (and received) the right to bring grievances to the king (Daly 141). While this is certainly a far stretch from what we consider proper representation (that is, the election of our leaders), it was no doubt a step in the “right direction,” so to speak, and only possible due to the warlike nature of a highly de-centralized Europe.


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