Theory – The Von Neumann Architecture (50 marks)
Question 1: What is the von Neumann architecture? (25 marks, ~300 words) Provide an overall explanation of the von Neumann architecture, the Fetch-Execute Cycle and the stored program concept. Explain how it functions. Focus on what it does, and how it does it

Question 2: Explain the von Neumann bottleneck (worth 10 marks, ~200 words) Explain the expression “the von Neumann bottleneck.” Investigate and mention if there are any solutions for this.

Question 3: What do compilers do? (worth 15 marks, ~250 words)
Investigate and describe the role of compilers in enabling programming in high-level programming languages rather than the Instruction Set of a particular CPU.