In the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, why was trade with Japan so important for the Dutch? What were some economic and cultural benefits that resulted from the Dutch-Japanese connection?

Directions: This study guide covers Units I and II (chapters 16 through 22). Please consult those chapters or the lecture powerpoints (posted on e-learn) to complete the assignment. The goal of the assignment is to review material covered in Units I and II to for the midterm exam. This is for your midterm review and study purposes only. This will not be submitted for a grade.
Midterm format: Identifications (define, state significance), Short answer (3-4 sentences), Short essay (2-3 paragraphs)
Identifications: Below are a list of 30 Identifications. On the midterm, you will be given a list of 20 and will need to define and state the significance of 15 terms. (30 points, 2 points per term)
1. Imperialism
2. Maritime empire
3. Land empire
4. Columbian Exchange
5. Transplantation
6. Deterritorialization
7. Martin Luther
8. Protestant Reformation
9. Counter Reformation
10. Inductive method
10. Empiricism
11. Realpolitik
12. Law of nations
13. Mandate of Heaven
14. Yangzhou Massacre
15. Edo
16. Maroons
17. Mestizos
18. Urbanization
19. High-level equilibrium trap
20. Scientific revolution
21. Enclosures
21. Dutch East Indies
22. Enlightenment
23. Free trade
24. Laissez-faire
25. Economic liberalism
26. Feminism
27. Scientism
28. Romanticism
28. General will
29. Stono Rebellion
30. Declaration of Independence

Short answer: Below is a list of 12 short answer questions. On the midterm, you will be given a list of 6 questions and will be asked to answer four (4) short answer questions (in complete sentences). (40 points, 10 points each)
1. In the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, why was trade with Japan so important for the Dutch? What were some economic and cultural benefits that resulted from the Dutch-Japanese connection?
2. List and explain at two (2) of the key ideas of the Protestant Reformation
3. Where were Muslim and Buddhist missionaries most active in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries?
4. How did their encounters with non-Western cultures transform the way Westerners thought about the world?
5. How was the rise of Western science in the seventeenth century a paradigm shift?
6. What were the sources of Spanish power in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries? Why was Spain unable to sustain its supremacy in Europe?
7. How did the Manchus conquer China and establish the Qing dynasty? List two (2) ways that the early Qing dynasty attempted to unite China?
8. List two (2) economic reasons and two (2) political reasons used to justify and support the long existence of the Atlantic slave trade.
9. How did slave communities in the Americas create autonomous institutions? How did Black people in the Americas craft their own customs and norms of behavior? Why did laws designed to protect slaves mostly fail?
10. Why did populations begin to rise in most parts of the world in the eighteenth century? How did increased health care and urbanization affect demographic trends?
11. Why did the economic disparity between China and India and the West begin to narrow in the eighteenth century?
12. How was the Enlightenment global in its ideas and effects? How did the Encyclopedia promote Enlightenment?

Short essay: Below is a list of 4 short essay questions. On the midterm, you will be given two (2) questions and will only choose one (1) short essay question to answer (in paragraph format). (30 points)
1. What were two (2) political and (2) economic reasons that empires were created in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries? What are two (2) characteristics of land empires? What are two (2) characteristics of maritime empires? What were three (3) differences between land and maritime empires?
2. Exchange has been a constant theme in world history. In terms of exchange from the sixteenth through eighteenth centuries, list three (3) reasons why the exchange of plants and animals around the globe one of the greatest revolutions in human history? Two (2) ways that the exchanges of microbes or disease affect peoples around the world? Two examples that highlight and discuss the impact of exchange of religious ideas.
3. Below is John Trumbull’s painting entitled “Declaration of Independence, July 4, 1776.” Contextualize and analyze the source in terms of both the Enlightenment and early American history.

4. Below is an excerpt from Olaudah Equiano entitled “A Multitude of Black People…Chained Together” (1789). Here Olaudah Equiano vividly recounts the shock and isolation that he felt during the Middle Passage to Barbados. Read the below primary source account and answer the following questions: What is the Middle Passage? How does Olaudah describe his experience of the Middle Passage (use specifics)? How are Africans de-humanized on this journey (use specifics)? Olaudah is being transplanted to Barbados. What fate awaits him once he arrives? While he only discussed his captors, many nations were involved with the slave trade. What economic benefits were gained from the centuries long enslavement of Africans? (List at least 2 reasons with specific examples)
“Their complexions, differing so much from ours, their long hair and the language they spoke, which was different from any I had ever heard, united to confirm me in this belief. Indeed, such were the horrors of my views and fears at the moment, that if ten thousand worlds had been my own, I would have freely parted with them all to have exchanged my condition with that of the meanest slave of my own country. When I looked around the ship and saw a large furnace of copper boiling, and a multitude of black people of every description chained together, every one of their countenances expressing dejection and sorrow, I no longer doubted my fate. Quite overpowered with horror and anguish, I fell motionless on the deck and fainted. When I recovered a little, I found some black people about me, and I believe some were those who had brought me on board and had been receiving their pay. They talked to me in order to cheer me up, but all in vain. I asked them if we were not to be eaten by those white men with horrible looks, red faces and long hair. They told me I was not.
I took a little down my palate, which, instead of reviving me as they thought it would, threw me into the greatest consternation at the strange feeling it produced, having never tasted such liquor before. Soon after this, the blacks who had brought me on board went off and left me abandoned to despair.
I now saw myself deprived of all chance of returning to my native country or even the least glimpse of hope of gaining the shore, which I now considered as friendly. I even wished for my former slavery in preference to my present situation, which was filled with horrors of every kind.
There I received such a salutation in my nostrils as I had never experienced in my life. With the loathesomeness of the stench and the crying together, I became so sick and low that I was not able to eat, nor had I the least desire to taste anything. I now wished for the last friend, Death, to relieve me.
Soon, to my grief, two of the white men offered me eatables and on my refusing to eat, one of them held me fast by the hands and laid me across the windlass and tied my feet while the other flogged me severely. I had never experienced anything of this kind before. If I could have gotten over the nettings, I would have jumped over the side, but I could not. The crew used to watch very closely those of us who were not chained down to the decks, lest we should leap into the water. I have seen some of these poor African prisoners most severely cut for attempting to do so, and hourly whipped for not eating. This indeed was often the case with myself.
[…]One white man in particular I saw, when we were permitted to be on deck, flogged so unmercifully with a large rope near the foremast that he died in consequence of it, and they tossed him over the side as they would have done a brute. This made me fear these people the more, and I expected nothing less than to be treated in the same manner.”


Last Completed Projects

# topic title discipline academic level pages delivered
6
Writer's choice
Business
University
2
1 hour 32 min
7
Wise Approach to
Philosophy
College
2
2 hours 19 min
8
1980's and 1990
History
College
3
2 hours 20 min
9
pick the best topic
Finance
School
2
2 hours 27 min
10
finance for leisure
Finance
University
12
2 hours 36 min